Battle explorer
Battles that shaped the Muslim world
111 battles and sieges, from Badr in 624 to the Iran war of 2026. Filter by period or type, then tap a dot for the story.
| Who fought | Result | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 624 | Badr, south-west of Madinah, Saudi Arabia | Muslims of Madinah vs Quraysh of Makkah | Muslim victory |
| 625 | Mount Uhud, Madinah | Muslims vs Quraysh | Makkan tactical victory |
| 627 | Madinah | Muslims vs the Confederates (Quraysh and allied tribes) | Siege failed |
| 628 | Khaybar oasis, Saudi Arabia | Muslims vs the Jewish tribes of Khaybar | Muslim victory |
| 629 | Near Karak, Jordan | Muslims vs Byzantines and Ghassanid Arabs | Muslim withdrawal |
| 630 | Makkah, Saudi Arabia | Muslims vs Quraysh | City taken almost without fighting |
| 630 | Hunayn valley, east of Makkah | Muslims vs Hawazin and Thaqif | Muslim victory |
| 630 | Tabuk, Saudi Arabia | Muslims vs Byzantium (no battle) | No battle; border tribes made treaties |
| 632 | Aqraba, near Riyadh, Saudi Arabia | Caliphate vs Musaylima and the Banu Hanifa | Muslim victory |
| 634 | Near Beit Guvrin, Palestine | Rashidun Caliphate vs Byzantine Empire | Muslim victory |
| 634 | On the Euphrates near Kufa, Iraq | Rashidun Caliphate vs Sasanian Empire | Sasanian victory |
| 634 | Damascus, Syria | Rashidun Caliphate vs Byzantine garrison | City surrendered |
| 636 | Near Kufa, Iraq | Rashidun Caliphate vs Sasanian Empire | Decisive Muslim victory |
| 636 | Yarmouk River, on today's Jordan Syria border | Rashidun Caliphate vs Byzantine Empire | Decisive Muslim victory |
| 637 | Near Baghdad, Iraq | Rashidun Caliphate vs Sasanian Empire | City taken |
| 637 | Jerusalem | Rashidun Caliphate vs Byzantine garrison | City surrendered |
| 641 | Alexandria, Egypt | Rashidun Caliphate vs Byzantine Empire | City surrendered by treaty |
| 642 | Nahavand, Iran | Rashidun Caliphate vs Sasanian Empire | Decisive Muslim victory |
| 651 | Near Mary, Turkmenistan | Rashidun Caliphate vs the last Sasanian shah | Sasanian dynasty ended |
| 654 | Off the coast of Lycia, Turkey | Rashidun navy vs Byzantine navy | Muslim naval victory |
| 656 | Near Basra, Iraq | Caliph Ali vs Aisha, Talha and Zubayr | Victory for Ali |
| 657 | On the Euphrates, Raqqa, Syria | Caliph Ali vs Muawiya, governor of Syria | Ended in arbitration |
| 658 | Nahrawan canal, east of Baghdad, Iraq | Caliph Ali vs the Kharijites | Victory for Ali |
| 680 | Karbala, Iraq | Husayn ibn Ali vs Umayyad army | Husayn and his companions martyred |
| 683 | Madinah | Umayyad army vs the people of Madinah | Umayyad victory |
| 684 | Near Damascus, Syria | Marwan I vs supporters of Ibn al-Zubayr | Umayyad victory |
| 683, 692 | Makkah, Saudi Arabia | Umayyads vs Abdullah ibn al-Zubayr | Umayyad victory |
| 698 | Near Tunis, Tunisia | Umayyad Caliphate vs Byzantine Empire | City taken |
| 711 | Near Cadiz, Spain | Umayyad army vs Visigothic Kingdom | Decisive Muslim victory |
| 712 | Near Karachi and Rohri, Pakistan | Umayyad army vs Kingdom of Sindh | Muslim victory |
| 712 | Samarkand, Uzbekistan | Umayyad army vs Sogdian princes | City taken by treaty |
| 713 | Multan, Pakistan | Umayyad army vs Multan | City taken |
| 717 to 718 | Istanbul, Turkey | Umayyad Caliphate vs Byzantine Empire | Siege failed |
| 722 | Asturias, Spain | Umayyad force vs Asturians | Asturian victory |
| 732 | Between Tours and Poitiers, France | Umayyad army of al-Andalus vs Franks | Frankish victory |
| 750 | Great Zab River, Iraq | Abbasids vs Umayyads | Abbasid victory |
| 751 | Talas River, Kyrgyzstan Kazakhstan border | Abbasid Caliphate vs Tang China | Abbasid victory |
| 812 to 813 | Baghdad, Iraq | al-Ma'mun vs al-Amin | Victory for al-Ma'mun |
| 838 | Near Afyon, Turkey | Abbasid Caliphate vs Byzantine Empire | Abbasid victory |
| 1025 | Gujarat, India | Ghaznavid Sultanate vs Chaulukya kingdom | Temple taken and plundered |
| 1071 | Malazgirt, Turkey | Seljuk Empire vs Byzantine Empire | Decisive Seljuk victory |
| 1085 | Toledo, Spain | Castile vs Taifa of Toledo | City surrendered |
| 1086 | Near Badajoz, Spain | Almoravids and Andalusian kings vs Castile | Muslim victory |
| 1099 | Jerusalem | First Crusade vs Fatimid garrison | Crusader victory |
| 1144 | Sanliurfa, Turkey | Zengids vs County of Edessa | Muslim victory |
| 1148 | Damascus, Syria | Second Crusade vs Damascus | Crusaders withdrew |
| 1187 | Near Tiberias, Palestine | Ayyubids vs Kingdom of Jerusalem | Decisive Muslim victory |
| 1187 | Jerusalem | Ayyubids vs crusader defenders | City surrendered |
| 1191 | Near Jaffa, Palestine | Third Crusade vs Ayyubids | Crusader victory |
| 1189 to 1191 | Akka, Palestine | Third Crusade vs Ayyubids | Crusader victory |
| 1191, 1192 | Near Thanesar, Haryana, India | Ghurid Sultanate vs Prithviraj Chauhan and allies | Ghurid victory |
| 1212 | Jaen province, Spain | Almohad Caliphate vs Christian coalition | Christian victory |
| 1219 to 1220 | South Kazakhstan | Mongol Empire vs Khwarazmian Empire | Mongol victory |
| 1221 | Konye-Urgench, Turkmenistan | Mongols vs the Khwarazmian capital | City destroyed |
| 1221 | Indus River near Kalabagh, Pakistan | Mongols vs Jalal al-Din Khwarazmshah | Mongol victory |
| 1256 | Near Qazvin, Iran | Mongols vs the Nizari Ismailis (Assassins) | Fortress surrendered |
| 1258 | Baghdad, Iraq | Mongols vs Abbasid Caliphate | City sacked |
| 1260 | Jezreel Valley, Palestine | Mamluk Sultanate vs Mongols | Decisive Mamluk victory |
| 1260 | Aleppo, Syria | Mongols vs Ayyubids | City sacked |
| 1291 | Akka, Palestine | Mamluk Sultanate vs the crusaders | Mamluk victory |
| 1389 | Near Pristina, Kosovo | Ottomans vs Serbian-led coalition | Ottoman victory |
| 1396 | Nikopol, Bulgaria | Ottomans vs a European crusade | Ottoman victory |
| 1402 | Ankara, Turkey | Timurids vs Ottomans | Timurid victory |
| 1444 | Varna, Bulgaria | Ottomans vs the Crusade of Varna | Ottoman victory |
| 1453 | Istanbul, Turkey | Ottomans vs Byzantine Empire | Ottoman victory |
| 1492 | Granada, Spain | Emirate of Granada vs Castile and Aragon | City surrendered |
| 1514 | Near Khoy, Iran | Ottomans vs Safavids | Ottoman victory |
| 1516 | Near Aleppo, Syria | Ottomans vs Mamluks | Ottoman victory |
| 1517 | Cairo, Egypt | Ottomans vs Mamluks | Ottoman victory |
| 1522 | Rhodes, Greece | Ottomans vs Knights Hospitaller | Ottoman victory |
| 1526 | Panipat, Haryana, India | Babur vs Delhi Sultanate | Mughal victory |
| 1526 | Mohacs, Hungary | Ottomans vs Kingdom of Hungary | Ottoman victory |
| 1529 | Vienna, Austria | Ottomans vs Habsburgs | Siege failed |
| 1538 | Ionian Sea, Greece | Ottoman navy vs Holy League | Ottoman victory |
| 1565 | Malta | Ottomans vs Knights Hospitaller | Siege failed |
| 1571 | Gulf of Patras, Greece | Ottoman navy vs Holy League | Holy League victory |
| 1683 | Vienna, Austria | Ottomans vs Habsburgs and Poland | Siege failed |
| 1739 | Karnal, Haryana, India | Iran under Nadir Shah vs Mughal Empire | Iranian victory |
| 1757 | West Bengal, India | East India Company vs Nawab of Bengal | British victory |
| 1761 | Panipat, Haryana, India | Durrani Empire vs Maratha Empire | Durrani victory |
| 1764 | Buxar, Bihar, India | East India Company vs the Mughal emperor and the nawabs of Bengal and Awadh | British victory |
| 1799 | Srirangapatna, Karnataka, India | Kingdom of Mysore vs East India Company | British victory |
| 1827 | Pylos, Greece | Ottoman and Egyptian fleet vs Britain, France and Russia | Allied victory |
| 1842 | Kabul to Gandamak, Afghanistan | Afghan forces vs British Indian army | Afghan victory |
| 1857 | Delhi, India | Rebels under Bahadur Shah Zafar vs East India Company | British victory |
| 1882 | Between Cairo and Ismailia, Egypt | British army vs the Egyptian army of Ahmed Urabi | British victory |
| 1898 | Omdurman, Sudan | Anglo-Egyptian army vs the Mahdist state | Anglo-Egyptian victory |
| 1911 to 1912 | Tripoli, Libya | Italy vs Ottoman Empire | Italian victory |
| 1914 to 1915 | Kars province, Turkey | Ottomans vs Russian Empire | Russian victory |
| 1915 to 1916 | Gallipoli peninsula, Turkey | Ottomans vs Britain, France, Australia and New Zealand | Ottoman victory |
| 1915 to 1916 | Kut, Iraq | Ottomans vs British Indian army | Ottoman victory |
| 1917 | Jerusalem | British Empire vs Ottomans | British victory |
| 1922 | Near Kutahya, Turkey | Turkish nationalists vs Greek army | Turkish victory |
| 1947 to 1948 | Jammu and Kashmir | Pakistan and tribal forces vs India | UN ceasefire, 1 January 1949 |
| 1948 to 1949 | Palestine | Israel vs Arab states and Palestinians | Israel established; Old City held by Jordan |
| 1965 | Kashmir, Lahore and Sialkot fronts | Pakistan vs India | Ceasefire; Tashkent Declaration, 1966 |
| 1967 | Sinai, West Bank, Golan | Israel vs Egypt, Syria and Jordan | Israeli victory |
| 1971 | East Pakistan and the western border | Pakistan vs India and the Mukti Bahini | Pakistani surrender at Dhaka, 16 December 1971 |
| 1973 | Suez Canal and the Golan | Egypt and Syria vs Israel | Early Arab gains, then Israeli recovery |
| 1979 to 1989 | Afghanistan | Soviet Union vs Afghan mujahideen | Soviet withdrawal, 1989 |
| 1980 to 1988 | Khorramshahr and the Shatt al-Arab | Iraq vs Iran | Stalemate |
| 1990 to 1991 | Kuwait and Iraq | US-led coalition vs Iraq | Coalition victory |
| 1999 | Kargil, Ladakh | Pakistan vs India | Pakistani forces withdrew |
| 2001 to 2021 | Afghanistan | US and NATO vs Taliban | Taliban returned, 2021 |
| 2003 to 2011 | Iraq | US-led coalition vs Iraq | Saddam Hussein overthrown |
| 2011 to 2024 | Syria | Assad government vs opposition groups | Assad government fell, December 2024 |
| 2014 to 2017 | Mosul, Iraq | Iraq and coalition vs ISIS | ISIS defeated, 2017 to 2019 |
| 2015 to today | Yemen | Houthis vs Yemeni government and Saudi-led coalition | Ongoing |
| 2023 to 2025 | Gaza Strip, Palestine | Israel vs Hamas | Ceasefire from 10 October 2025, with violations |
| 2025 | Pakistan and Indian-administered Kashmir | Pakistan vs India | Ceasefire on 10 May 2025 |
| 2025 to 2026 | Iran and the Gulf | US and Israel vs Iran | Ongoing as of October 2026 |
Browse by type
Ten kinds of war
Battles of the Prophet's Era8 battles · 624 to 630Battles of the Early Muslim Conquests17 battles · 634 to 838Internal Wars of the Early Caliphates10 battles · 632 to 813Battles of the Crusades9 battles · 1071 to 1291Mongol Invasions of the Muslim World7 battles · 1219 to 1260Battles of Al-Andalus6 battles · 711 to 1492Battles of the Indian Subcontinent7 battles · 712 to 1761Ottoman Battles and Sieges15 battles · 1389 to 1683Colonial Wars and World War I14 battles · 1757 to 1922Modern Wars in the Muslim World18 battles · 1947 to 2026
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