Dynasties
Timeline of Muslim dynasties, 632 to today
Fifteen caliphates, sultanates and empires drawn to the same scale. Several ruled at the same time: in the 10th century three rival caliphs reigned in Baghdad, Cairo and Cordoba.
Rashidun Caliphate632 to 661
Umayyad Caliphate661 to 750
Abbasid Caliphate, Baghdad750 to 1258
Abbasid Caliphate, Cairo1261 to 1517
Muslim al-Andalus711 to 1492
Fatimid Caliphate909 to 1171
Ghaznavid Sultanate977 to 1186
Seljuk Empire1037 to 1194
Ayyubid Sultanate1171 to 1260
Mamluk Sultanate1250 to 1517
Delhi Sultanate1206 to 1526
Ottoman Empire1299 to 1922
Safavid Iran1501 to 1736
Mughal Empire1526 to 1857
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia1932 to today
70080090010001100120013001400150016001700180019002000
The table
Every dynasty, with its dates
| Dynasty | Years | Lasted | Peak area (million km²) | See |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rashidun Caliphate | 632 to 661 | 29 | 6.4 | Rulers · Map 661 |
| Umayyad Caliphate | 661 to 750 | 89 | 11.1 | Rulers · Map 750 |
| Abbasid Caliphate, Baghdad | 750 to 1258 | 508 | 11.1 | Rulers · Map 800 |
| Abbasid Caliphate, Cairo | 1261 to 1517 | 256 | Map 1260 | |
| Muslim al-Andalus | 711 to 1492 | 781 | 0.6 | Map 1000 |
| Fatimid Caliphate | 909 to 1171 | 262 | 4.1 | Map 1000 |
| Ghaznavid Sultanate | 977 to 1186 | 209 | 3.4 | Map 1000 |
| Seljuk Empire | 1037 to 1194 | 157 | 3.9 | Map 1190 |
| Ayyubid Sultanate | 1171 to 1260 | 89 | 2.0 | Map 1190 |
| Mamluk Sultanate | 1250 to 1517 | 267 | 2.1 | Map 1260 |
| Delhi Sultanate | 1206 to 1526 | 320 | 3.2 | |
| Ottoman Empire | 1299 to 1922 | 623 | 5.2 | Rulers · Map 1683 |
| Safavid Iran | 1501 to 1736 | 235 | 2.9 | Map 1683 |
| Mughal Empire | 1526 to 1857 | 331 | 4.0 | Rulers · Map 1683 |
| Kingdom of Saudi Arabia | 1932 to today | 94 | Rulers · Map 1923 |
The book, 75% off
Read the whole story in Urdu
Khilafat aur Jangen puts this history in one Urdu PDF: 64 pages, 14 maps, family trees, charts and timelines from 632 to 2026.
$1.50$6.0075% off