Turning points
- 632Yamama
- 636Yarmouk
- 636Qadisiyyah
- 637Ctesiphon
- 637Jerusalem
- 641Alexandria
- 642Nahavand
What came next
In November 644 Umar was stabbed during the dawn prayer by Abu Lu'lu'a, a Persian slave. A council of six companions chose Uthman as the third caliph.











