Modern era · 1881 to 1938
Mustafa Kemal Ataturk
An Ottoman officer who made his name at Gallipoli and led the Turkish War of Independence. As founder of the Turkish Republic he abolished the sultanate and, in 1924, the caliphate.
At a glance
- Lived
- 1881 to 1938
- Role
- Modern era
- Era
- The end of the caliphate
- Chapter
- 5. The Ottomans
Battles
- 1915 to 1916Gallipoli Campaign
Ottoman victory. The Allies tried to force the straits and take Istanbul.
- 1922Battle of Dumlupinar
Turkish victory. The decisive battle of the Turkish War of Independence.
Mustafa Kemal Ataturk's world
1923: The end of the caliphate
The Ottomans entered the First World War on Germany's side and lost. Britain and France divided the Arab lands under the Sykes-Picot agreement and the mandates that followed, and British troops entered Jerusalem in December 1917. In Anatolia, Mustafa Kemal won the war of independence and declared a republic in October 1923.
People of the same era
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